RICE-LEAF FOLDER CONTROL

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Select Pest Name	--(Select Pest)--Brown plant hopper - Nilaparavata lugensGall midge - Orseolia oryzaeGrasshopper - Oxya nitidulaGreen leafhopper - Nepotettix nigropictus, N.cincticeps, N.virescensHispa - Dicladispa armigeraLeaf folder - Cnaphalocrocis medinalisMealy bug - Brevennia rehiRice black bug - Scotinophara luridaRice case worm - Parapoynx stagnalisRice earhead bug - Leptocorisa acutaRoot weevil - Echinocnemus oryzaeSwarming caterpillar - Spodoptera mauritiaThrips - Stenchetothrips biformisWhite leaf hopper - Cofana spectraWhorl maggot - Hydrellia sasakiiYellow stem borer - Scirpophaga incertulasZig zag leafhopper - Recilia dorsalis
Select Pest Parameter	--(Select Parameter)--BiologyDescription of the pestDestructive stageDistributionETLHostManagementNatural EnemySymptomsAll Parameters

Rice (Oryza sativa) Pest Management Distribution Andhra Pradesh, Maharastra,Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Orissa. Host Leersia hexandra, Echinocloa colonum, Paspalum conjugatum, Ophismamenus burmanii, Oryza sativa var.fauta and Sacciolepis interrupta, Brachiaria mutica, Agropyron repens. Destructive stage Larva Description of the pest Larva is pale green transparent, actively moving caterpillar. The adult is orange brown moth with many dark wavy lines in the centre and dark band on the margin of wings. Biology The female moth lays eggs in batches of 10-12, which are arranged in linear row in the lower surface of leaves. The eggs are flat, oval in shape and yellowish white in colour. The egg period is 4-7 days. Larva is 15-20 mm long pale green transparent actively moving caterpillar. The larval period is 15-20 days. It pupates inside the leaf fold. The pupa is greenish brown. The pupal period is 6-8 days. Total life cycle: 25-35 days. Symptoms The caterpillar folds the leaves longitudinally and remains inside. It scrapes the green tissues of the leaves with in the field and makes them white and dry. Gradually the leaves dry up and change brown. During severe infestation the whole field exhibits scorched appearance. ETL 10% damaged leaves - Vegetative stage, 5% damaged leaves (Flag leaf) - Flowering stage. Management Use resistant varieties like TNAU LFR 831311, Cauveri, Akash, TKM-6, and IET 7511, IET 9225 and IET 9797. Clipping of affected leaves reduces the pest population. Keep the bunds clean by trimming them and remove the grassy weeds. Avoid use of excessive nitrogenous fertilizer. Set up light traps to attack and kill the moths. Release Trichogramma chilonis on 37, 44 and 51 DAT thrice followed by three sprays of monocrotophos 36 SL @ 1000 ml/ha on 58, 65 and 72 DAT. The application of indoxacarb @ 30g a.i per ha is effective against leaf folder. Spray neem seed kernel extract 5% @ 25 kg (or) fenifrothion 50 EC 1.01 (or) phasalone 35 EC 1.5 l (or) chlorpyriphos 20 EC 1.25 l/ha. Natural Enemy Egg parasitoids:Trichogramma japonicum, Trichogramma sp., Copidosomopsis nacolidae, Metioche vitticolis. Larval parasitoids: Goniozus triangulifer, Cotesia cypris, C.rufierus, Temelucha philippinesis, Macrocentrus philippinesis, Cardiochiles philippinesis, Trichogramma naphalocrosis, Blepharipa sp.,Theocarcelia oroulta. Pupal parasitoids: Xanthopimpla flvolineata, Tetrastichus ayyari, Brachymeria albotibialis, Charops bicolor, Ishnojoppa luteator. Predator: Conocephalus lividipennis, Paederus fuscipes (Staphylinidae), Ophionia indica (Carabidae), Andrallus spinidens. Pathogens: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium sp., Fusarium sp., Nomuraea sp., Zoophthora radicans Paecilomyces sp., Entomophthora sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Granulosis virus.